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Knowing the basic <a href="https://www.jxwirecable.com/" target="_self">electric wire</a>
types is essential to almost any electrical project around the house. When you're
installing new wiring, for example, choosing the right wire or <a
href="http://www.jxwirecable.com/electric-cable/power-cable/" target="_self">power cable</a>
is half the battle. And when you’re examining existing wiring in your home, identifying the
wire type can tell you a lot about the circuit the wiring belongs to—for example, when you
open a junction box and need to determine which wires go where. Wiring for modern homes is
quite standard, and most homes built after the mid-1960s have similar types of wiring. Any
new electrical installation requires new wiring that conforms to local building codes.
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Here are some common types of home electrical wire.
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Wiring Terminology
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It helps to understand a few basic terms used to describe wiring. An <a
href="http://www.jxwirecable.com/electric-wire/" target="_self">electrical wire</a> is a type
of conductor, which is a material that conducts electricity. In the case of household
wiring, the conductor itself is usually copper or aluminum (or copper-sheathed aluminum) and
is either a solid metal conductor or stranded wire. Most wires in a home are insulated,
meaning they are wrapped in a nonconductive plastic coating. One notable exception is ground
wires, which are typically solid copper and are either insulated with green sheathing or
uninsulated (bare).
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The most common type of wiring in modern homes is in the form of nonmetallic (NM) cable,
which consists of two or more individual wires wrapped inside a protective plastic sheathing.
NM cable usually contains one or more “hot” (current-carrying) wires, a neutral wire, and a
ground wire.
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As an alternative to NM cable, individual wires can be installed inside of a rigid or
flexible metal or plastic tubing called conduit. Conduit is typically used where the wiring
will be exposed and not hidden inside walls, floors, or ceilings.
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These larger wires in your home are carrying 120- to 240-volt circuit voltage, often
referred to as line voltage, and they can be very dangerous to touch. There are also several
wires in your home that carry much lesser amounts of "low-voltage" current. These
are less dangerous, and with some, the voltage carried is so low that there is virtually no
chance of shock. However, until you know exactly what kind of wires you are dealing with,
it's best to treat them all as dangerous.
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NM Cable
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Often called “Romex” after one popular brand name, NM cable is a type of circuit wiring
designed for interior use in dry locations. Most NM cables have a flattened tubular shape and
run invisibly through the walls, ceiling, and floor cavities of your home. Almost all of the
wiring in outlets and light fixtures a modern home is NM cable. The most common sizes and
their amperage (amp) ratings are:
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